What is primarily encompassed in expository writing?

Expository writing is designed to inform, explain, or describe a subject matter clearly and concisely. It prioritizes the presentation of facts and information over personal opinions or critiques. The primary focus of expository writing is to define concepts, discuss various aspects of a topic, and summarize information in a way that is accessible and understandable for readers. This style is commonly found in textbooks, how-to articles, and informative essays, where the aim is to convey knowledge rather than persuade or express one's feelings on the subject.

The other options, while they may involve writing, do not align with the fundamental purpose of expository writing. Critiquing literature leans more toward analytical or evaluative writing, documenting personal opinions centers around subjective expression, and analyzing scientific data, though it can have informative elements, typically involves more specialized writing that may not fit the general scope of expository writing. Thus, the correct characterization of expository writing is centered on defining, discussing, and summarizing information.