Which components are essential in fluency assessments?

Fluency assessments are critical in evaluating a learner's ability to read with speed, accuracy, and appropriate expression. The concept of fluency encompasses being able to recognize words quickly (rate), read them correctly (accuracy), and expressively with the correct rhythm and intonation (prosody).

The component of accuracy refers to how many words are read correctly during a passage, which is essential for determining whether a reader has the foundational skills necessary for fluent reading. The rate of reading is equally important; it measures how quickly a student can read a text, which impacts their overall comprehension and engagement with the material. Lastly, prosody involves the expression and phrasing of the text, which helps convey meaning and supports the reader's understanding.

Together, these components provide a comprehensive look at a reader's fluency, helping educators identify areas of strength and those needing improvement. The other responses, while important in their own right, do not focus specifically on the attributes that constitute fluency in reading.