Which term relates to the effects of context on meaning in speech?

The term that relates to the effects of context on meaning in speech is pragmatics. Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that examines how context influences the interpretation of meaning beyond the literal definitions of words and sentences. It encompasses the understanding of social cues, conversational implicatures, and the relationships between speakers and listeners, highlighting how context can change the meaning of a statement or gesture.

For instance, when someone says "Can you pass the salt?" the literal meaning is a question about ability, but the pragmatic meaning is often understood as a polite request for action, demonstrating how context shapes understanding. These aspects of communication are crucial in effective interpersonal interactions and are essential for seasoned language therapists working with individuals who may struggle with these nuances.

Other related terms, while important in their own right, do not specifically address the role of context in deriving meaning in communication as pragmatics does.